Orlan 10 Drones - The Orlan-10 is a medium-range multi-role unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by the Russian company Special Technology Center LLC (ООО Специальный Технологический Центр) in St. Petersburg. The unmanned aerial vehicle serves the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
It is designed for a variety of missions, including aerial reconnaissance, surveillance, monitoring, search and rescue, combat training, jamming, radio signal detection and target tracking in difficult-to-reach terrain.
Orlan 10 Drones
The International Air and Space Exhibition (FIDAE) was held in March 2016. Rosoboronexport announced plans to promote the Orlan-10E UAV abroad in June 2016.
File:orlan 10 At Army 2018.jpg
Production of unmanned aerial vehicles began in 2010. In October 2015, the unmanned aviation unit of the Russian military base in Armenia received the Orlan-10 air system for aerial reconnaissance in the mountainous areas.
The Eastern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces, located in Sakhalin, Russia, took delivery of five Orlan-10 unmanned aerial vehicles in March 2016. Unmanned aerial vehicles also serve the Eastern Military District in Chukotka, as well as on the Black Sea coast. fleet.
In December 2019, a series of unmanned aerial vehicles was introduced to the motorized rifle units of the Eastern Military District stationed in the Trans-Baikal region.
The unmanned aerial vehicle entered service in the North Caucasus with the motorized rifle of the Southern Military District (YuVO) in July 2020. The Mountain Motorized Rifle Brigade of the Central Military District, based in the Republic of Tiwa, received the UAV that December. . year.
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In October 2020, the Mountain Motorized Rifle Brigade Division of the Central Military District (CMD), based in the Republic of Tuva, received the Orlan-10 UAV by order of the State Defense.
The Orlan-10 complex consists of an unmanned aerial vehicle, a launch and recovery system, a ground control segment and a variable payload.
The UAV has a modular design with a high wing configuration, and the tail consists of a tail plane and a vertical stabilizer.
It has a wingspan of 3.1 m, and its aerodynamic fuselage is 2 m long. The maximum empty weight and take-off weight of the UAV are 12.5 kg and 16.5 kg, respectively.
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It has a daylight camera, thermal imaging camera, video camera and radio transmitter in a gyro-stabilized camera mounted under the fuselage. The cameras provide real-time intelligence, 3D mapping, surveillance and aerial reconnaissance of ground targets.
Imagery, video and other sensor data collected by the payload are transmitted to the ground control station in real time over a data link using a 3G/4G cellular network.
The Orlan-10 is equipped with electronic warfare capabilities and can distinguish between friendly and enemy communications. It can set jamming transmitters and set zones for cellular interference.
Orlan-10 can perform missions in autonomous and remote control mode. The drone's autopilot allows it to operate autonomously based on predetermined set points. In this mode, the flight route can be changed by the operator during the flight.
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The drone can be controlled remotely with a suitable ground control station mounted on the MP32M1 command and control vehicle. Developed by Russia's state-owned Roselectronika, the ground segment can control four aerial vehicles simultaneously.
In remote control mode, mobile ground segment operators transmit command and control data to the aircraft via a digital data link.
The aircraft can transmit telemetry data from the station from 120 km to 600 km and for about 18 hours. Their cruising and maximum speeds are 110 km/h and 150 km/h respectively.
The UAV can fly at a maximum altitude of 5 km in all weather conditions over difficult terrain. It can withstand 10 m/s wind and operates in temperatures ranging from -30°C to 40°C. Given a platform by the Miracle of the Hudson 14 years ago, this heroic pilot used it for aviation safety.
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Russian drones continue to inflict lethal damage on Ukrainian forces targeting laser-guided artillery fire with lethal accuracy. But drones aren't as advanced as you might think, with a new video of the fuselage showing it equipped with a Canon DSLR camera.
Russia's manned air force is ineffective and even its most modern planes are shot down all the time. Confirmed casualties so far include at least 19 warplanes and 32 helicopters, but the actual number is likely to be much higher (although likely lower than the 152 planes and 137 helicopters reported by Ukraine). But their drone fleet seems more efficient.
Many drone videos released by the Russian Defense Ministry show similar scenes: a Ukrainian armored vehicle, often self-propelled artillery, watches the sudden explosion for a few seconds and is destroyed by an invisible shell. Sometimes the videos show several cars shooting one after the other. Sometimes cars take cover behind buildings without being hit.
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The killer was a Krasnopol laser-guided artillery shell directed by a video recording drone. Although the US makes extensive use of laser-guided bombs and missiles, sometimes guided by aircraft such as the MQ-9 Reaper, the US has shown little interest in laser-guided artillery since the Copperhead program of the 1970s. Russia, by contrast, has used several laser-guided bombs in Ukraine, but Krasnopol appears to be widely deployed.
Russia has plenty of 152mm heavy artillery capable of shelling Krasnopol, from the old D-30 towed howitzers to the new 2S19 self-propelled guns. The original 110-pounder Krasnopol version had a range of 20 km, although the upgraded version is said to be capable of hitting targets at 43 km with 95% reliability. The 14-pounder warhead came down at a steep angle, penetrating the thin top armor and claiming to be able to immobilize even the heaviest tank.
The success of Krasnopol was due to the pairing with drones. A laser designator has a range of only a few kilometers, and ground observers cannot spot targets—such as enemy artillery—behind the lines. Drones move freely and their bird's-eye view allows them to easily pick out a vehicle, especially when their trail leaves a turbulent ground line in an open field.
The exact type of drone used for these strikes is unknown, but Russia generally assigns Orlan-10s to artillery units.
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"My bet is on Orlan-10," said Samuel Bendet, an expert on the Russian defense scene and an adviser to CNA and CNAS, who has a particular interest in unmanned systems.
Orlan-10 has been in service with the Russian military since 2010, but its laser designator only received in 2020 ... [+]
Orlan-10 entered service in 2010 with a camera and other sensors, a new upgrade in 2020 saw it equipped with a laser designator. The drone is modular, which means the payload can be changed to accommodate new equipment.
Bendet notes that the Orlan-10 is often used with Russian long-range artillery. The Orlan-10 is a small vehicle with a wingspan of about ten feet that can travel up to 18 hours at 80 mph. 14 were destroyed as a result of the conflict.
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While Russia typically uses coordinated aircraft with large guns to quickly bring down massed artillery fire, guided rounds are a significant advantage. One shot, one kill doesn't give the target a chance to get out of artillery fire, and one round doesn't require the convoy of ammunition trucks needed to support a barracks.
While we don't have data on Russian ammunition, the US Army's M795 unguided high-explosive 155mm round costs about $800, while the GPS-guided M982 Excalibur costs over $100,000. So if the car needs to make a 125 turn - if it stays in the zone long enough - then the guided version is more economical.
Although the Orlan-10 is supposed to be made entirely in Russia, Ukrainian forces recovered one in 2016, and their detailed investigation revealed that much of the electronics for the plane's communications and navigation systems were imported from American companies. Other components are sourced from China.
A new video shows that Russian manufacturers are getting creative with foreign devices. It shows the photographed Orlan-10 disassembled to reveal that the cargo bay holds Canon's existing consumer cameras - not the commercial drone cameras, but the OS 750D digital SLRs used by hobbyist photographers everywhere. The camera is held in place by a Velcro strap; It is possible that the images are downloaded in flight, but more likely they are stored in the aircraft and collected after the drone returns.
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It is worth noting that the same module has a thermal imager and another camera. What we don't know is how good the images are from the camera or other sensors.
While this kind of improvisation shows a deficit in Russian technology, it also shows a preference for practical, simple solutions that make the best use of modern commercial technology — like a powerful $500 camera. Both parties' use of commercial DJI drones and thermal imaging is a similar sign that consumer electronics can get the job done cheaply and efficiently.
As Russian military commentator Viktor Suvorov said when Americans criticized low-tech Soviet equipment: "A stupid weapon that works is not a stupid weapon."
However, Russia is not the only one with artillery shells and laser-guided drones.
Watch: Russia Shares Footage Of Combat Work Of Orlan 10 Uav Used In Ukraine
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