Bombas Military Discount - In the 75 years since the first successful test of a plutonium bomb, nuclear weapons have changed the face of warfare. Here, on November 1, 1951, troops from the 11th Airborne Division witness a nuclear explosion in the Las Vegas desert at close quarters.

At 5:30 a.m. on July 16, 1945, a light brighter than the sun shone over New Mexico. The fireball destroyed everything around it and then created a mushroom cloud over seven miles high.

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Afterwards, the scientists who caused the explosion walked around smiling, shaking hands and drinking celebration drinks. Then they sat down and grimly considered the deadly potential of the weapon they had created. They had created the world's first nuclear explosion. (Here's what happened that day in the desert.)

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The test, codenamed "Triple", was a success; It proved that scientists could harness the power of plutonium fission. It propelled the world into the nuclear age, changing warfare and geopolitical relations forever. Less than a month later, the United States dropped two nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan - further proof that it was now possible to wipe out large swaths of land and kill large numbers of people in a matter of seconds.

In August 1945, the United States decided to drop newly developed nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end World War II. In this photo, on September 7, 1945, an unknown man stands next to a tiled stove in a house in Hiroshima.

Ever since the phenomenon was discovered in the 1930s, scientists have been trying to figure out how nuclear fission occurs - a reaction in which atomic nuclei are split to produce large amounts of energy. Nazi Germany was the first to attempt to arm such a force, and word of its efforts trickled out of the country with political opponents and exiled scientists, many of them German Jews.

In 1941, the United States joined the first nuclear arms race after émigré physicist Albert Einstein warned President Franklin Delano Roosevelt that Germany was trying to develop a nuclear fission bomb. It launched a secret nuclear research project, codenamed the Manhattan Project, which brought together the country's leading physicists with exiled scientists from Germany and other Nazi-occupied countries.

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The project was conducted at dozens of sites from Los Alamos, New Mexico to Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Though it employed an estimated 600,000 people during the project's lifetime, its purpose was so mysterious that many who contributed had no idea how their efforts contributed to the larger, coordinated goal. Researchers followed two paths to a nuclear weapon: one based on uranium and another, more complex path based on plutonium.

After years of research, the Manhattan Project made history in 1945 when it successfully tested the "Gadget," one of three plutonium bombs made before the end of the war. The US had also developed an untested uranium bomb. Despite the weapons' clear potential to end or change the course of World War II, many of the scientists involved in the development of nuclear technology opposed their use in war. Leo Szilard, a physicist who discovered the nuclear chain reaction, urged Harry S. not to use it in war. Petition to the Truman administration (who succeeded Roosevelt as President). But his pleas, signed by scores of Manhattan Project scientists, fell on deaf ears.

On August 6, 1945, a B-29 "Superbomber" dropped a uranium bomb on Hiroshima to force Japan to surrender unconditionally. Three days later, the United States dropped a plutonium bomb similar to the triple test on Nagasaki. The attacks devastated both cities, leaving at least 200,000 civilians dead or wounded. (For survivors, the memories of the bomb cannot be forgotten.)

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Japan surrendered on August 15th. Some historians argue that the nuclear explosions had an additional purpose: to intimidate the Soviet Union. Undoubtedly, the explosion started the Cold War.

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Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had already given the go-ahead for a nuclear program in 1943, and a year and a half after bombing Japan, the Soviet Union achieved its first nuclear chain reaction. 1949 became the USSR. It tested its first nuclear device, the "First Flash".

Ironically, the US leadership believed that building a strong nuclear arsenal would act as a deterrent and help prevent World War III by showing that the US could crush the USSR if it invaded Western Europe. But when the United States began investing in thermonuclear weapons with a firepower a hundred times that of the bombs that ended World War II, the Soviets followed suit. In 1961, the Soviet Union tested the "Tsar Bomb," a powerful weapon equivalent to 50 megatons of TNT that produces a mushroom cloud as high as Mount Everest.

Historian Craig Nelson writes that "no matter how many bombs they had, no matter how big their explosions were, they had to get bigger." "Enough is never enough."

As more countries acquired nuclear capabilities in the late 1950s and early 1960s and the Cold War was at its height, an anti-nuclear movement developed in response to various nuclear accidents and weapons tests with environmental and human casualties.

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Scientists and the public began to push first for a ban on nuclear tests and then for disarmament. Einstein - whose initial warning to Roosevelt was aimed more at preventing nuclear war than at launching it - was among them. In a 1955 manifesto, the physicist and a group of intellectuals appealed to the world to give up nuclear weapons. "So here is the question we ask you, hard and scary and inescapable," they wrote. “Shall we end humanity; Or will humanity give up war?”

The urgent problem remained unresolved. Then, in 1962, reports of a Soviet arms buildup in Cuba led to the Cuban Missile Crisis, a tense standoff between the United States and the USSR that many feared would end in nuclear catastrophe.

In response to activist concerns, the US and USSR (and later Russia) signed a partial nuclear test ban treaty in 1963, followed by a nuclear non-proliferation treaty in 1968 and various additional treaties limiting the number of nuclear weapons.

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Still, according to the Federation of American Scientists, there were an estimated 13,410 nuclear weapons in the world as of early 2020 -- down from a peak of about 70,300 in 1986. The FAS reports that 91 percent of all nuclear warheads belong to Russia and the United States, while the other nuclear nations belong to France, China, the United Kingdom, Israel, Pakistan, India and North Korea are. Iran is suspected of trying to develop its own nuclear weapon.

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Despite the dangers of nuclear proliferation, only two nuclear weapons - dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki - have been used in the war. Nevertheless, the UN Office for Disarmament Affairs writes: "The dangers of such weapons result from their mere existence."

75 years after the Trinity test, humanity has survived the nuclear age so far. But in a world with thousands of nuclear weapons, ever-changing political alliances, and ongoing geopolitical disputes, there are concerns raised by the scientists who developed the technology that would make nuclear war possible.

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Bug Eye Sculpture. Large masks of hammered gold. These artifacts from China have long puzzled archaeologists - but they can show us how to adapt to a changing world.

Six million Jews were murdered between 1933 and 1945. How Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party turned anti-Semitism into genocide Bombas is a reassuring clothing brand on a mission to help those in need. The company was founded in 2013 after the founders realized that socks were the most requested item of clothing in homeless shelters. Since then, they have worked to solve this problem by donating a pair of socks for every pair sold. How do you donate lots of socks? you sell a lot And how do you sell a lot? They make the most comfortable socks in foot history. With millions of pairs sold and then donated, Bombas continues to innovate with new socks and apparel, positively impacting the communities we all work and live in.

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